The
Bhagavad gita is one of the most ancient religious scriptures
containing the word of God. It contains the true philosophy of
life as suggested by Lord Krishna, who is an incarnation of Lord
Vishnu, to Arjuna, the mighty hero of the epic Mahabharata, during
the famous war of Kurukshetra.
The
Bhagavad gita informs us how a person can perform his duty in this
world and still remain free from the consequences of his actions. It
deals with such basic concepts as the nature of our existence, the
nature of our true self, our true relationship with God, the truth
about action and inaction, the correct meaning of knowledge and
ignorance, the inborn qualities of man and how they bind him to the
mortal world, the meaning of true devotion, the right attitude
towards the external world, the meaning and purpose of maya and so
on.
The
Bhagavad gita is a book on self-discovery and journey into the
Abode of God. It helps one move from sorrow driven mortal existence
to eternal and blissful life. Desire is central to all human
activity. By eliminating the desires, but by not abandoning the
actions, one can free oneself from the bondage caused by the desire
driven actions. Such an approach not only liberates us from all
struggling and striving, but also reduces greatly our inner
anxieties and frustrations, creating in the process a permanent
basis for a stable, intelligent and peaceful life.
According to the
Bhagavad gita the external world is unreal not because it does not
exist, but because it is unstable and ever changing. Since it is
based upon impermanence, it cannot be relied upon as the vehicle of
truth and it should not become the purpose of ones existence. He who
clings to such an unstable phenomenon is bound to suffer as he is
bound to engage himself in desperate actions to retain his unstable
possessions and experience constant anxiety, anger, fear and
envy.
Therefore the Bhagavad
gita searches for a permanent reality that makes life more
meaningful, stable, peaceful and purposeful. It discards layer after
layer of untruth that surrounds us and reveals the shining self that
exists in all of us as the center of truth and permanence that we
should all ultimately discover. It is by understanding the hidden
Self in us we will ultimately discover the Supreme Self, That exists
in all of us and in Whom we all exist.
Great scholars of the
Bhagavad gita say that the scripture fundamentally deals with three
primary teachings, which are called the three secrets. The first
secret is about duty. One must do ones duty in accordance with ones
nature (swadharmacharana). The second is about the hidden self. In
every one there is a real and hidden self which is different from
the external false self. Every one must realize this difference
between the outer self and the inner self. The third secret is about
the omnipresence of God. One must live in this world with the
awareness that all that exists in this world is but Vasudeva.
These three secrets
are known as guhya (secret), guhyatara (more secret) and guhyatma
(most secret). The second, third, fourth, fifth and eighteenth
chapters deal with the first secret. The second, sixth, thirteenth
to eighteenth chapters deal with the second secret. The third,
seventh, eight, ninth, tenth to eighteenth chapters deal with the
third secret.
The
Bhagavad gita has profoundly effected the Indian way of life for
millenniums. Its teachings have been at the core of the Hindu
fundamental beliefs for time immemorial. They are ageless and
relevant even today.
Originally written in
Sanskrit, the scripture has been translated into many languages all
over the world and is now easily available to interested readers in
most parts of the world. It attracted the attention of many scholars
for centuries.
Each verse and every
chapter in it is loaded with multiple meanings, enabling each to
understand it and interpret it in his own way. The more we read the
Bhagavad gita, the greater is our insight into its deepest secrets.
The more we read it, the stronger our feeling that we know but
little about it.
When we feel that we
have understood it all and can safely go elsewhere for inspiration,
a particular verse or a chapter again starts bothering us with its
new wisdom or a perplexing insight. That is why today we have so
many interpretations of the Bhagavad gita from various scholars.
The
Bhagavad gita contains 18 chapters and 700 verses, which are
attributed to the four principle participants of the narration in
the following manner:
1.
Dhritarashtra 1
2.
Sanjaya 41
3.
Arjuna 84
4.
Lord Krishna 574
Each verse is
considered to be a very sacred mantra. The seed mantra of this
scripture is said to be the 11th verse in Chapter II. The shakti
mantra of this scripture, because of which it is endowed with the
divine blessings and able to exert influence on the mankind for
centuries, is said to be the 66th verse in Chapter 18.
In
all in the entire Bhagavad gita, Lord Krishna has been addressed
with 27 different names and titles. These are : Anantarupa, Achyuta,
Arisudhana, Krishna, Kesava, Kesanishudana, Kamalapatraksha,
Govinda, Jagadpatih, Jagannivasa, Janardhana, Devedeva, Devavarah,
Purushottama, Bhagawan, Bhutabhavana, Bhutesah, Madhusudhana,
Mahabahu, Madhavah, Yadava, Yogaviththama, Vasudeva, Varsheya,
Vishnuh, Hrisikesa and Harih.
Whether the Bhagavad
gita is a revelation or an actual event is a matter of great
controversy. Looking to the depth of symbolism involved and the
basic purpose of the whole scripture, the former possibility seems
to be more acceptable than the latter. Veda Vyasa is regarded as the
author of the book. It is not clear from where Veda Vyasa got the
whole information since it was Sanjaya, not Veda Vyasa who was the
direct witness to the whole discourse between Lord Krishna and
Arjuna. Either Vedavyasa might have heard it from one of the
participants or he got it through his inner experience, which is
generally the case with all the shruti literature.
It
is possible that the scripture might have entered the human
consciousness as a revelation. It is even possible that the entire
episode of the Mahabharata might have happened on a different plane
and become a part of the human collective consciousness through the
inner eye.
Whether revelation
came to Veda Vyasa or to some other sage, we would rather leave the
matter to historians and scholars to debate. What is more important
is that the Bhagavad gita is a divine message for the troubled
humanity and it provides many solutions to our day to day problems
and helps us to balance our temporal lives with our spiritual
needs.
One of the purposes of this web
site is to provide comprehensive information on the teachings
of Lord Krishna as contained in the Bhagavad gita, so that those
who are seeking peace of mind amidst material activity can do
so without difficulty. In the course of time more valuable information will
be added to this site and links will be established with other
sites on the Bhagavad gita.
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